Teenage acne - Symptoms, causes & treatment

 

Understanding Acne:

• Acne, a common skin condition that affects millions of teenagers worldwide, can be both physically and emotionally distressing. 
• Adolescence is a critical phase where young individuals are already grappling with numerous changes. 
• However, many teens are unaware of what acne is, how to treat it, and the psychological impact it can have on their self-esteem and confidence. 

 

 

 

Psychological impact of acne on teenagers:

• Acne can have a profound impact on teenagers' psychological well-being. 
• The visible presence of acne can lead to feelings of self-consciousness, low self-esteem, and social anxiety. 
• It is crucial for both teenagers and their parents to acknowledge the emotional toll acne can take and address it with compassion and understanding.

 

Causes of acne:

There are several factors that contribute to the development of teenage acne:

1. Hormonal changes: 

During puberty, the body undergoes hormonal changes that can cause an increase in sebum production. Sebum is an oily substance that helps keep the skin hydrated. However, too much sebum can clog the hair follicles, leading to acne.

2. Genetics: 

Acne can be inherited. If one or both parents had acne during their teenage years, their children are more likely to develop it too.

3. Diet: 

Some studies suggest that a high glycemic index diet, which includes sugary and processed foods, can trigger acne.

4. Stress: 

Stress can cause the body to produce more cortisol, a hormone that can increase sebum production and lead to acne.

 

Symptoms of acne:

Teenage acne typically presents as one or more of the following:

1. Blackheads: 

These are small, dark-coloured bumps that form on the skin's surface. They are caused by the accumulation of dead skin cells and sebum in the hair follicle.

2. Whiteheads: 

These are small, white bumps that form on the skin's surface. They are also caused by the accumulation of dead skin cells and sebum in the hair follicle.

3. Pimples: 

These are red, inflamed bumps that are filled with pus. They can be painful to touch.

4. Cysts: 

These are large, painful bumps that form deep within the skin. They are filled with pus and can leave scars if not treated.

 

Tips for parents with acne-prone teenagers:

1. Educate and inform: 

Parents should take the initiative to educate their teenagers about acne. Explain the causes, dispel myths, and emphasize that acne is a common condition that can be managed effectively.

2. Encourage open communication: 

Create a safe space for your teenager to express their concerns and emotions. Listen attentively and empathetically, offering reassurance and understanding. Let them know that they are not alone in this journey.

3. Promote healthy coping mechanisms: 

Encourage your teenager to engage in activities that boost their self-esteem and confidence. Encouraging hobbies, physical exercise, and participation in supportive social circles can help distract from acne-related stress.

 

Effective Treatment Options:

1. Topical treatments: 

Over-the-counter creams or gels containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids can be effective in reducing acne lesions. However, it is important to consult a dermatologist for personalized advice.

2. Oral medications: 

In severe cases, oral antibiotics, hormonal therapies, or isotretinoin may be prescribed by a dermatologist. These medications should be taken under medical supervision due to potential side effects.

3. Skincare routine: 

Emphasize the importance of a gentle skincare routine involving washing the face twice daily with a mild cleanser and using non-comedogenic moisturizers and sunscreens.

 

Preventing Teen Acne:

1. Cleanse Regularly: 

Encourage your teenager to cleanse their face gently, especially after sweating, to remove excess oil, dirt, and bacteria.

2. Hands Off: 

Advise against picking, popping, or touching acne lesions, as it can worsen inflammation and lead to scarring.

3. Healthy Diet: 

Encourage a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit consumption of sugary foods, processed snacks, and greasy fast food, as they may exacerbate acne.

4. Stress Management: 

Teach stress management techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, and engaging in activities they enjoy.

 

To conclude, teenage acne is a common condition that can be distressing for many teenagers. It is caused by a combination of hormonal changes, genetics, diet, and stress. There are several treatment options available, including over-the-counter products, prescription medications, lifestyle changes, and a skincare routine. If you are struggling with acne, speak to a dermatologist to find the best treatment option for you.

 

Bioderma offers range of skincare products for different skin types such as sensitive skin, combination to acne-prone skin, normal dry, irritated to atopic skin.